Intestinal Macrophages and Intestinal Infection

Hadba Al-Amrah ¹*Ahmad Bahieldin^1,2, Dikhnah Alshehri^1,3  Hanan Alatawi^1,3  and Marfat Alatawy ^1,3

¹Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah-21589, Saudi Arabia.

²Department of Genetics, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

³Department of Biological Sciences, Collage of Science, Tabuk University, Tabuk-74191, Saudi Arabia

Corresponding Author E-mail: hggaber@kau.edu.sa

DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bbra/2885

ABSTRACT:

There has been increased interest in the role played by macrophages in the maintenance of an active immune system and intestinal homeostasis. Nonetheless, they are also responsible for the rise of chronic pathologies such as inflammatory bowel syndrome in the gut. The lack of differentiation of monocytes in the intestines due to disease conditions leads to a fall in the diversity of microbiota and subsequent gut inflammation. Macrophages play a central role in the homeostasis and immunity of the gut, making them potential sources of novel therapies or remedies for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. To explore this possibility, this research discusses their structure, differentiation, and functionality in an in-depth manner. It will also describe their role in the local intestinal environment and how it changes upon infection. Finally, the paper will outline its conclusions as well as comment on the future outlook of related research.

KEYWORDS: Anti-Inflammatory; Differentiation; Intestinal Homeostasis; Immunity; Inflammatory Bowel Disease; Monocyte; Microbiota

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