Efficiency Of Resistant Types Of Soft Spring Wheat Grades To Leaf Rust

Shermahan K Shapalov¹, Zhanar S.Tileubayeva², Meruyert S. Kurmanbayeva³ Amangeldy Т. Sarbaev⁴, Hidirov K. R.⁵ ,Naukenova A. S⁵, Alpamysova G. B⁵

¹Kazakh National Agricultural  University ²Kazakh State Women's Teacher Training  University ³Al Farabi Kazakh National University ⁴Kazakh Research Institute of Agriculture and crop production ⁵Almaty, Kazakhstan, M.Ayezov south Kazahstan State University

DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bbra/2014

ABSTRACT: Types of wheat rust are among the most harmful diseases, which leads to a significant loss of yields. Under favorable conditions, the development of the disease can reduce the yield to 45% or more. During epiphytotic development, it covers an area of ​​up to 1.5-2.0 mlnha and reduces the yields  to 20-70%. Pathogens types of rust fungus diseases adapted to different climatic conditions, resulting in leaf rust meet annually and in all regions of wheat cultivation. Farms generally accepted crop protection from the disease by chemical means. However, the use of fungicides - is not only very costly, it is also environmentally safe, both for the near biological objects, and consumers received products. The most efficient and environmentally acceptable way to protect against the disease - a genetic. However, the gene pool of wheat resistance genes to rusts (P.recondita f. Sp. Tritici Rob. Ex Desm., P.graminis, P.striiformis) greatly exhausted, and every year there are new pathotypes of the pathogen able to overcome previous effective resistance genes (Lr, Sr, Yr-genes). Therefore, the stability test of wheat varieties and breeding for resistance is conducted in a continuous loop. The extension of genetic diversity of spring bread wheat varieties is possible by the involvement in hybridization of the new sources of valuable biological and economical features from the world's gene pool. The article on artificial infectious background investigation conducted spring wheat varieties for resistance to rusts and selected for the selection of resistant forms of immunity. The research revealed the forms resistant to leaf and stem rust and featuring high yielding potential

KEYWORDS: spring wheat varieties; leaf brown rust

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