Prevalence of Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis Among Newly Diagnosed Cases of Sputum-positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis from MGM Hospital Warangal

M. Jojula¹*, M. V. Ramanama² and S.R. Reddy³

1Department of Pharm. Microbiology, Sri Shivani College of Pharmacy, Warangal, India. 2Department of Microbiology, Kakatiya Medical College, Warangal, India. 3Department of Microbiology, Kakatiya University, Warangal, India.

DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bbra/1156

ABSTRACT: In spite of availability of effective chemotherapy and Bacille-Calmette-Guerian (BCG) vaccine, tuberculosis remains a leading infectious killer world- wide. Tuberculosis (TB) is presently recognized as one of the most common opportunistic infections seen in HIV seropositive patients, mostly presenting in the form of pulmonary and extrapulmonary infections. The prevalence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is increasing throughout the world. Although previous treatment for TB is the most important risk factor for development of MDR-TB, A total of 100 clinically diagnosed and radiologically evident cases suggestive of pulmonary tuberculosis were selected for study. A total of 27 samples were found to be culture positive and 73 were culture negative, of these 26 stains were identified as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, one was identified as M.avium complex (MAC). All sputum-positive TB cases were subjected to mycobacterial culture and first-line drug-susceptibility testing (DST). MDR-TB was defined as TB caused by bacilli showing resistance to at least isoniazid and rifampicin. All the 27 isolates were concurrently subjected for minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), Proportion method and BACTEC. Out of 27 cultures tested by the MIC methods, resistance was observed in 99.9 percent at MIC of 128 mg/l. In proportion method five isolate were shown resistance to Isoniazid (H); Rifampicin; but shown sensitive to other drugs Ethambutol (E); Pyrazinamide and Streptomycin.

KEYWORDS: In vitro definition; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; rifampicin

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