Countermeasures to Bioterrorism Acts

Rima Yerenatovna Dzhansarayeva¹ , Zhanat Rakhimzhanovna Dilbarkhanova² , Malikova Sholpan Baltabekovna³, Atakhanova Gulzagira Makhatovna¹ and Daubassova Sulushash Shinzhirkhanovna¹

¹Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 al-Farabi Ave., Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan, 050038 ²Almaty Academy Ministry of the Interior of Republic Kazakhstan 29 Utepov St., Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan, 050060 3 ³Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 al-Farabi Ave., Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan, 050038

ABSTRACT: Biological agents have been used for centuries in the history of mankind. Currently, biotechnology is considered one of the advanced and emerging technologies of the twenty-first century. Countering bioterrorism acts at the national and international level implies organizing the effective prevention and investigation of illegal use of biological agents for criminal purposes. Appearance of the opportunity of biological terrorism, including in our country, is a serious threat, because today the population and public services are ready neither to fully adequately respond to such terrorist attacks, nor to take timely and effective measures to eliminate the consequences of such terrorist attacks. Improvement of methods of prevention, detection and proof of terrorist attacks committed with the use of biotechnology is one of the urgent problems of law enforcement today. This is due to the lack of the scientific study of the problem, the lack of clear ideas about strategy and ideology of the struggle, as well as legal, criminological, forensic and search concepts and relevant scientific guidance on the identification, detection, investigation and prevention of such criminal activity. Collection of admissible evidence in the investigation may be difficult because of its specificity. Collection, storage, examination of evidence must be carried out in such a way that the evidence would be admissible in a criminal prosecution, i.e. the approach of affordability, reliability and relevance of evidence should be provided. There are real challenges in the investigation of bioterrorism acts. This article describes certain problems in this area and suggests ways to address them through the improvement of information security, the organization of special training courses and so on.

KEYWORDS: biotechnology; terrorism; countermeasure; bioterrorism; biosystem

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