Phytochemical Composition and in Vitro Antimicrobial, Antioxidant Activites of Methanolic Leaf Extracts from excoecariaagallocha

Laith A. A^1,2*, Mazlan A. G¹, Effendy A. W¹, Ambak M. A², Nadirah M^1,2, Muhammad T. S³, Zain S. M⁴, Jabar A.⁵, Najiah M^1,2

¹School of Fisheries and Aquaculture Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia.

²Institute of Tropical Aquaculture (Aquatrop), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia. 

³ Institute of marine biotechnology,Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Terengganu, Malaysia.

⁴Agriculture and Food Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Terengganu, Malaysia.

⁵Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, 866YuHuangTang Road, Hangzhou, China.

DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bbra/2070

ABSTRACT: This study investigated the phytochemical, antimicrobialand antioxidant properties of methanolic leaf fractionated extracts of Excoecariaagallocha.Antibacterial activity test of fractionated extract of Excoecariaagallocha was conducted via Disk diffusion assay. Micro titer broth dilution technique was performed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). Qualitative and quantitative DPPH radical scavenging activity determines the antioxidant activity in E. agallocha. Chromatographic separation was completed using thin layer chromatography (TLC) and column chromatographic techniques.Phytochemical screening of fractionated extract revealed active constituents including alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoid and tannins. In vitro antibacterial activity of column-fractionated extract demonstrated inhibitory effect against Flavobacteriumindicum, Chryseobacteriummeningosepticum, Chryseobacteriumindologenes and Chryseobacteriumgleum isolated from diseased fish. MIC andMBC of E. agallocha fractionated extract was 1.56 mg/ml and 3.12 mg/ml, respectively. TLC-based qualitative DPPH analysis revealed antioxidant activity in E. agallocha extract, specified by yellowish stain on maroon color TLC plate.These bands indicate the presence of various compounds that could act as potential antimicrobial agents.The present study indicates that E.agallocha leaves contain active phytochemicals which inhibit bacteria and could be useful in the treatment of microbial infections in fish.

KEYWORDS:  Antibacterial; Antioxidants; Bacteria; Excoecariaagallocha; TLC profiling

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