Catheter-Related Infections Rate at Two University Affiliated Hospitals in the North-West of Iran

Manizheh Jozpanahi¹, Afsaneh Karami¹, Abdolreza Esmaeilzadeh², Samira Hanafi³, Ahmad Reza Mobaien¹ and Parvin, Shiri Ghidari⁴

¹Department of Infectious Diseases,Zanjan University of Medical Sciences,Zanjan, Iran ²Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences,,Zanjan, Iran ³General Practitioner, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences,,Zanjan, Iran ⁴Department  of Nursing, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences,Zanjan, Iran  

DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bbra/2037

ABSTRACT: Evaluation of peripheral venous catheter culture positive rate in patients who were hospitalized on internal, cardiac, neurologic, infectious, ICU, CCU wards atBeheshti&Vali-e-asr Hospitals inZanjan- Iran. The relentless progress of medical science and technology has been accompanied by the development of a host of new diagnostic and therapeutic devices, each of which is associated with its own complications. One of these devices is venous catheter which unfortunately can introduce infection to the bloodstream, and as a consequence of their increasing use, bloodstream infections resulting from intravascular catheters have become a costly complication of health care (22). The rate of catheter associated bacteremia rose from 20 episodes per 1000 admissions in 1986 to 50 episodes per 1000 admission in 1993. For this reason we decided to evaluate the rate of positive cultures of peripheral venous catheters and causative pathogens and it’s antibiogram in this study. In this descriptive study, after 48-72 h of intravenous catheter placement, 500 blood samples were obtained from the junctional site of peripheral venous catheter.Patients were selected randomly from internal, cardiac, neurology, infectious, ICU, CCU wards at Beheshti and vali-e-asr Hospitals. Then these samples were inoculated in  blood agar. The antibiogram was performed for each causative pathogen if culture was positive. The collected data was analyzed by central and scattered index and Chi-Square test, T test and Mann-Whitney test. During this study, peripheral venous catheters of 500 patients [254(50.8%) women and 246 (49.2%) man] were cultured. In thirty patients [12 (4.8%) women and 18 (7.3%) men], blood culture became positive. There was no significant statistical difference in the rate of positive catheter blood culture among the different genders, wards and hospitals. Culture were positive for staphylococcus (29 cases) including Staphylococcus Aureus in 17 cases and Coagulase negative Staphylococcus in 12 cases, and only one case was positive for gram negative rod(E Coli). Positive cultured organisms had the highest sensitivity to ciprofloxacin and cephalexin. Among eleven patients who received chemotherapy , three cases (27%) had positive blood culture results (p=0.003). Catheter related blood stream infection is more frequent at Beheshti and vali-e-asr Hospitals compared to the national rate of catheter related blood stream infection and we need more investigation to find out whether it is patient, catheter or operator related issue.According to the finding of this study,chemotherapic drugs usage is arisk factor for positive culture of catheter.

KEYWORDS: Catheter-related blood stream infection; chemotherapy drugs and infection; peripheral venous catheters

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