Blood Lipid Peroxidation (Malondialdehyde), Thiol, Taurine Levels and Oxidative Stress in Saudi Diabetic Patients

Hana M. Gashlan and Mariam A. Mojally

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah Saudi Arabia.  

ABSTRACT: Diabetes mellitus is associated with derangements in the serum levels of several biochemical parameters, and type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The existence of hyperglycaemia enhances oxidative stress. The depletion of antioxidants (taurine) as a defensive body mechanism may augment the risk of diabetic complications. This study aims to investigate the levels of antioxidants and oxidants in T1DM, in T2DM patient and T2DM patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) among female Saudi diabetic patients. Our study included 130 female subjects divided into four groups, group I (T1DM), group II (T2DM), group III ( T2DM with CVD) and group IV (Control). Fasting blood samples (six ml) were collected. Glucose, glucosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), cholesterol (C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triacylglycerol (TAG), malondialdehyde (MDA), thiol, uric acid and nitric oxide (NO) levels were determined. The results of this study showed that taurine levels were significantly lower in all patient groups as compared to controls (p < 0.05 for all parameters). Thiol level was significantly high in GIII. Both NO and uric acid were also significantly higher in all patient groups as compared to controls. Hypercholesrterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, high levels of LDL-c and MDA were detected in patients groups compared to control. Serum insulin level was significantly high in GII and GIII. All patients groups had significant hyperglycaemia compared to control. The female Saudi diabetic patients in this study have a higher oxidative stress status due to the high level of the production of free radicals (nitric oxide) and lipid peroxidation (malandialdehyde) and lower level of antioxidants (taurine and uric acid) in concomitant with dyslipidemia which may be due to taurine and uric acid deficiency.

KEYWORDS:

Diabetes mellitus; lipid peroxidation; oxidative stress.

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