Evaluation of Prenatal, Postnatal and Neonatal Causes as the Risk Factors for Patients with Different (IQ) Levels of Mental Retardation

Minakshi Vashist1*, Amit Kumar¹, Neelkamal¹ and Joginder Kairo²

¹Department of Genetics, M.D.University. Rohtak, India.

²Clinical Psychologist, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Science (PGIMS). Rohtak, India.

Corresponding Author E-mail:mvashist@rediffmail.com

ABSTRACT: Mental retardation is among the few major disorders that are still poorly understood in terms of etiopathogenesis and for which very little therapeutic help is provided. Mental retardation may be caused by either genetic or environmental factors or a combination of both. Fifty nine patients of idiopathic mental disability were studied from Pt.B.D.Sharma University of Health Sciences Rohtak, Haryana. There were 13.5% mild, 49.2% moderate, 27.1% severe & 10.2% profound cases of mental retardation. Out of these there were 72.88% males & 27.11% females. All of these patients were with low socio-economic status and illiterate background. Age group range of 11-20 years has highest frequency (47.457%) of mental disability in all categories. In mild group prenatal, postnatal & neonatal risk factors were found in two, five & four respectively. Among moderate group 18 patients were with prenatal risk factors, 19 with postnatal, 24 with neonatal & 2 patients were without any risk factors. In severe group 9 patients have prenatal, 16 patients have postnatal & 16 patients have neonatal risk factors. In profound group prenatal, postnatal & neonatal risk factors were noted in four, six & six patients respectively.

KEYWORDS: Risk Factors; Prenatal; Postnatal; Neonatal, IQ; Mental Retardation

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