Characterization of Antibacterial Phytochemicals from Three Coastal Sand Dunes in Chennai Beaches

M. Jayaprakashvel¹, Swarnakala¹, G. Surendiran³, M.C. Vanitha^2* and A. Jaffar Hussain²

¹Department of Marine Biotechnology, AMET University, Kanathur, Chennai - 603112, India. ²Centre for Marine Bioprospecting AMET University, Kanathur, Chennai - 603112, India. ³Department of pharmacy, University of Manitoba Winnipeg, Canada.

DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bbra/1417

ABSTRACT: Ipomoea sp and Spinifex sp most widely distributed salt tolerant plants and usually thrive in harsh condition .The present investigation was carried out to determine the antibacterial activity as well as phytochemical analysis using a GC-MS technique.The different solvent extracts ( ethyl acetate and methanol) of the plant were tested for antibacterial activity against human pathogens.The result highlighted that the antibacterial activity of ethyl acetate extract of Spinifex sp. panicle was especially active against P. aeruginosa(mean ; 21mm) and E. faecalis(mean ; 17mm). The extract concentration providing 50% inhibition (IC50) was calculated from the graph of inhibition percentage plotted against extract concentration (25-250 μg/mL) and IC50 is found to be 100 μg/mL which showed 53.3% inhibition ( 0.035 O.D) for E .faecalis. IC50 is found to be 225 μg/mL which showed 55.35% inhibition( 0.025 O.D) for P. aeruginosa. The phytochemical analysis of the crude extract revealed the presence of alkaloid, flavonoid, sugar, anthraquinones, saponines and phenolic compounds.In TLC, prominent bands were obsevered in Hexane and ethyl acetate combination of concentration 6:4.In bioautography, a clear zone was seen in the E. faecalis plate amended with agar.

KEYWORDS: Phytochemicals; Sand dune plants; antibacterial activity

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