The Effect of Smoke Cigarette on Immune Responses of Allergic Rhinitis Patients

Hossein Ali Khazaei¹, Nezar Ali Moulaei², S. N. Aldin Tabatabaei³, Amin Khazaei⁴ and Afra Khosravi⁵

¹Department of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences , Zahedan- Iran ²Department of Internal Medicine and Research Centre for Tropical and Infectious Diseases of Zahedan Medical Sciences University, Zahedan, Iran. ³Department of Anesthesia of Zahedan Medical Sciences University, Zahedan, Iran. ⁴International University of Zahedan, Zahedan, Iran. ⁵Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.

ABSTRACT: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is the most widely distributed diseases of upper respiratory tract. The disease is involved many immunological activities and any changes in this system can increase the risk of allergic rhinitis. The disease is also affected by some environmental agents such as dust house, mites, pollens, animal danders and cigarette smoking. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cigarette smoking on different immune system of patients suffered from allergic rhinitis divided in two groups as cigarette and non cigarette smokers to find whether these patients are more sensitive to cigarette smoke than others and this may aggravate allergies. This analytic descriptive study was conducted on 632 allergic rhinitis patients aged between 17 to 69 years olds referred to the hospitals of Zahedan city from 2005 to 2012. Complete blood cell count such as WBCs, RBCs, lymphocytes, Hb, the amount of serum IgA, IgG, IgM, C3, C4 levels and total serum IgE of patients were measured using a commercial SRID and nephelometry methods. The significant differences in obtained results were evaluated by º2statistical test and SPSS software. The results indicated that low number of neutrophils, and low amount of IgA and IgM were found in smokers compared with nonsmokers. Increased number of WBCs, RBCs, lymphocytes and increased level of Hb, serum IgG, IgE, C3, C4, were found in smokers compared with nonsmokers. Significant correlation between all indices of smokers and nonsmokers individuals were observed (P value 0.01). Study results indicated that cigarette smoking is a risk factor for the development of allergic rhinitis and changing in variety immune responses, have a role in pathogenicity of disease.

KEYWORDS: IgE; IgA; cigarette and non cigarette smokers and allergic rhinitis

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