Cluster Analysis and Evaluation Genetic Variation to Determine the Best Crosses in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars in Isfahan Province

Saeed Salehi¹*, Ghorban Noormohammadi² and Seyyed Mohammad Javad Mirhadi²

¹Young Researchers and Elite Club, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran. ²Department of Agronomy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

ABSTRACT: Indirect selection in early generations through traits having heritability higher than yield as well as correlated significantly with seed yield is one of the most important breeding procedures. Production of new cultivars adaptable to different environments also has importance for wheat breeders. Cross among new cultivars and selection of superior genotypes among their progenies based on suitable traits is efficient breeding procedures. Therefore¡ in order to determination of the most yielding bread wheat genotypes¡ identification of the traits affective on seed and protein yield as well as parents of the best crosses an experiment was conducted 2012-2013. Assessment of variation is important in wheat breeding programs to choice the best parents. Genetic improvement of wheat depend on genetic variability existence in germplasm. On the other hand, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the major cereal crop in Iran on which the food security rests. Therefore, in order to evaluate and classify bread wheat geno Cultivarss, eighteen cultivars were sown in randomized complete block design with three replications. Cluster analysis using ward’s method grouped these cultivars in four clusters. Similirity between results of principal component and cluster analysis were observed for classification of genoCultivarss. Cluster analysis showed the efficacy of crossing between genoCultivarss 4 and 8 from cluster 4 with genoCultivars 11 from cluster 1 to heighten genetic variation and transgressive segragation via genes having additive effects specifically in segregating generations. Overall, crosses among cultivars having maximum genetic distance can be resulted higher transgressive segregation and genetic gain of selection. Increasingly, cross between genoCultivarss 5 and 1 as well as selection among their progenies have the best result to produce new cultivars and hybrid seed.

KEYWORDS: Bread wheat; genetic variation; hybrid seed; cluster analysis; ward method

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