Influence of Alfalfa Varieties on Changes in the Composition of Mobile Forms of Phosphorus in the Soil in the South-Eastern Kazakhstan

Nariman Mukhtarovich Massaliyev¹, Sara Bekentaevna Ramazanova² and Birzhan Sultanuly Rakhymzhanov³

¹The Kazakh National Agrarian University, Republic of Kazakhstan, 050010, Abai Avenue 8, Almaty City. ²The Kazakh Research Institute of Agriculture and Plant Growing, Republic of Kazakhstan, 040909, Erlepesov Street 1, Almalybak village, Karasai district, Almaty region ³The Kazakh National Agrarian University, Republic of Kazakhstan, 050010, Abai Avenue 8, Almaty City.

ABSTRACT: Development of the agrarian complex of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the nearest future is aimed at increasing productivity and sustainability of land cultivation. Successful resolution of this problem depends on compliance and timely performance of the activities envisaged by the technologies of agricultural crops cultivation. In modern conditions, with limited agricultural resources, the most popular are resource-saving technologies that ensure production of quality products at a low cost of labor, material and financial resources. In recent years, the trend to reduction of soil fertility and environment pollution requires intensification of crop production, by more complete involvement of inexhaustible natural resources into the process and environment formation, through its biologization, rather than through synthetic and technological methods and techniques. In addressing these issues a significant role is played by perennial legumes, which make it possible to simultaneously address the issues of amelioration and improving soil fertility, growth, yield and content of protein in the forage, improving the ecosystem in general. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is one of the most important forage legumes in many countries. Our research is aimed at studying the influence of alfalfa varieties grown with various dosages of fertilizers on changes in the composition of mobile forms of phosphorus in case of irrigation of soils of the South-East of Kazakhstan. Three fertilizer dosages were used for the study: P2O5 – 60 kg/ ha, P2O5 – 90 kg/ha, and P2O5 - 120 kg/ha. The study involved 6 varieties of alfalfa. The research showed that all experiments in the subsurface soil layer did not reveal significant differences in the indicators of mobile phosphates content in the soil between the reference and the fertilized variants. However, due to the varietal features of each variety of alfalfa, various amounts of mobile phosphorus remained in the soil after the vegetation season.

KEYWORDS: Alfalfa; fertigation; soil; mobile phosphorus; alfalfa varieties

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